Examining the different disciplines of forensic science

Looking at the changed orders of measurable science Legal science gives a type of applied science contextualized with the law, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦inextricably in the administration of the public.1 However, expanding exposure through visual media that praises and misleadingly depicts the field as idiot proof, is having negative effects in courts around the world. These effects are to a great extent because of mistaken convention and exaggerating of results past what the jury can appreciate. Puzzle and wonderment has encircled legal science, spellbinding crowds with projects, for example, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation. The arrangement of scientific related film has empowered the field to become known broadly, anyway understanding the complexities is being demonstrated to be a genuine limitation. The favorable circumstances have seen the business get huge awards and financing in certain territories, anyway most of juries confuse the quality of proof, effectively overestimating the weight it offers the court. This is huge as the jury is ordi narily comprised of ordinary individuals, instead of researchers. Along these lines, further straightforwardness is required for the jury to decipher the weight to apply to different sorts of proof. It is evident that the multidisciplinary study of crime scene investigation is comes up short on the suitable solidarity to administer the whole system under a typical model; measurable science. While there have been tremendous measures of examination into the compound , organic and physical sciences, a considerable lot of the confirmations, for example, apparatus imprint and unique mark proof, that are depended on to give individualisation and uniqueness need satisfactory financing and exploration to build up their legitimacy, unwavering quality and factual hugeness. It is a defect in the framework that we are required to contain the whole assortment of controls that decipher measurable proof under one umbrella-like idea. Enveloping the legal trains under the one term is the aftereffect of quick extension in the field. It is suitable to value that a few fields, especially zones of DNA research, have gotten critical consideration, where others have been disregarded. Maybe measurable science and its locale are at a phase where orders can be appropriated between what is scientific proof and what is criminological insight. Or on the other hand maybe it is increasingly appropriate to separate based on logical/investigative based or master deciphered. Measurable science in general should be completely assessed to decide a successful differentiation for the lawful framework it is intended to profit, where the outright science can be given exclusively relying on the prerequisite that there is unwavering quality, legitimacy, and known vulnerabilities, while the interpretational proof that can't be validated with measurements and databases, yet can conceivably be approved with further examination to help singul ar experience of purported criminological specialists. The National Research Council of the National Academies has recognized in the United States the centrality of the overestimation and confusion with respect to the criminological proof that is being delivered for the courts.2 Their report analyzes the significant orders, setting up suggestions for fortifying measurable science, including yet not restricted to building up tough conventions, better meaning of master observer expressions and execute and uphold better practices and guidelines for scientific science experts and laboratories.2 This report won't look at in detail each control of criminological science. Be that as it may, it is the poor endeavor of order of every single measurable practice into the one structure of legal science that will be the core interest. Crime scene investigation and the CSI impact Scientific science advanced from the need to indict hoodlums all the more adequately. Crime happens in numerous aspects, and can happen at any time.3 Illegal movement can likewise be advanced by drugs which is both hazardous for the lawbreaker and individuals around them.3 Crime scenes, regardless of whether physical mischief have happened, or basically robbery, are normally wealthy in natural and physical data which, if deciphered accurately, can insinuate the occasions that occurred.3 The procedures and individuals whom this data was taken care of between, from the assortment to examination, to the utilization in court as proof, is known as the chain of care. On the off chance that this chain of authority isn't kept up with the most elevated uprightness, the data assembled has no utilization in court. Frequently lack of regard and poor choices from handlers lead to potential proof being reproved. Each time crime scene investigation bombs in court, it adds to the weight of doubters who scrutinize the whole field as a result of the incorporating of every single legal science under one area. It is the Hollywood fabulousness that has given TV programs related with criminological science a built up energy among watchers for their hour long features. The scenes cause scientific science to show up misleadingly basic which welcomes illusionary desires for examination and incentive at preliminary. The CSI impact doesn't imitate the genuine complexities of genuine crime scene investigation. While the digitized world is a genuine article, it is incredibly exaggerated the force and graphical interfaces of the PC frameworks utilized, taking advantage of databases that are just imagined about by confirmed measurable specialists. It is then a bogus suspicion that ordinary scientific experts are helped with these abilities. It is models in these shows, for example, unique mark correlations that search through PC databases in minutes, and DNA tests that are broke down for STRs and explicit loci when they show up once more from the wrongdoing scene. Actually, DNA examinations are multiplied much of the time in view of the time it takes to investigate. As a general rule, basic PCR intensification can take the time that one scene of CSI sets up, creates and illuminates a whole case. The impact broadcasting has had in depicting the emotional advancement of criminal cases likewise has befuddled the job individual legal specialists have, that is, to help law requirement in setting up a case, and afterward to help the court to comprehend and decipher the proof and their discoveries. The CSI impact has persuaded they likewise take on the job police examiners, and even attorneys and instructors in certain occasions. This CSI impact has reached out into the court where the jury are possibly confronted with this desire the proof that will be clarified is definitive. Except if the master makes it completely clear with the hugeness of the proof, the jury can add significant load to the case, on certain events be the principal premise of their choice. It is dependent upon the safeguard to interview master observers and source potential misusing that can scrutinize the proof. Once addressed, the respectability of the case is in danger because of offense. Many wrong feelings have been made on proof that has been mistakenly analyzed and weighted. Each time criminological science bombs in court, the weight is put back on the whole field to contend reality behind the science. The issue broadens from poor master observer declaration abilities, however a deficient structure with which the framework is clarified. Quality of Forensic Science Incorporating the numerous orders that right now make up the crime scene investigation structure inside one title comes up short on the essential quality that is expected to keep up the honesty of applied science to support general society. A model ought to basically give the essential hypothesis to all controls it oversees. This isn't the situation as we analyze this idea. The main premise of which the current system of criminological science doesn't satisfactorily recognize the controls is the misperception of varying zones of science, being unadulterated and applied. Science can be depicted as an assemblage of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦knowledge or an arrangement of information covering general truths㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦concerned with the physical world and its phenonomen.4 With this understanding, plainly when joined with the setting of crime scene investigation, the general idea of science ought to be contextualized with the legitimate system.1 The assortment of regular sciences, for example, science, science, and material science have be around for quite a long time and their speculations, strategies and methods have been unequivocally evolved. The orders have advanced due to legitimate need for law implementations prerequisite for additional proof, for example, fingerprinting, apparatus mark impression and archive assessment, which don't have the built up writin g and research.8 James and Nordby (2003) think about this, calling attention to that regular sciences depend on hypothesis and are controlled and certain, while criminological sciences are commonsense, applied, dubious, and traded off. This view doesn't consider the human interface that science is constrained by, and that the imperfections of science are commonly the blemishes in the technique and convention utilized. While as a rule what James and Nordby (2003) watch is valid, the polished methodology goes with the procedure which decides if the trustworthiness is kept up. James and Nordby (2003) negate themselves to concur with the abovementioned, noticing that Good science, and great legal science, produces contemplated feelings. This fact of this announcement is gotten from the systems utilized by singular researchers to infer their suppositions. The nature of the researchers examination guarantees the legitimacy of their feeling, representing both regular and criminological sci ences. A second fancy of the current structure has caused non-logical proof being cleverly utilized as craftiness in the court. It is perilous that the courts, since conceding confirmations, for example, CCTV film, are leaving the protection to ruin the conclusion proof that has outrightly no logical hypothesis behind it. This report won't be utilized to contend the reasons other than that orders, for example, archive assessment, fingerprinting, profiling, and facial mapping a

The Difference Between A Club And A Gang Essays - Free Essays

The Difference Between A Club And A Gang Essays - Free Essays The Difference Between a Club and a Gang The contrasts between a club and a pack, are very unmistakable, yet it is the connotational contrasts between these two words which recognizes one from the other. The New Lexicon Webster's Dictionary of the English Language characterizes a club as; ...an relationship of individuals with some basic intrigue who meet periodically... It characterizes a group as ...a number of men or young men banding together, esp. lawlessly... This definition is customarily inclined toward applying to male youth, and cliché hoodlums, from the Mafia to road crooks. People who regularly have a pessimistic disposition toward youth see posses. Frequently people structure packs out of dread and for the insurance of their individuals whether they are the Bloods and Crips of Los Angeles or the Sharks and the Jets of West Side Story. Gangs may not have a lot of formal composed guidelines, yet every one of them have their own arrangements of customs or conditions. Packs might possibly be encouraged in a part o f higher and lower individuals, copying a military model. Groups frequently have an inexactly characterized define of objectives, and are regularly engaged with reprobate exercises. A socially affirmed type of a posse is a club. Americans by and large view clubs as character building initiative chances; while, people pigeonhole into posses are aggrieved as lawbreakers. Clubs are shaped in light of useful objectives, for example, making it simpler for its individuals to discover parts for a specific brand of vehicle. Financial class, scholarly accomplishment, or saw jobs in the public arena for its individuals all have an impact in the special treatment given to a gathering which a general public regards a club as opposed to a group. For example, portions of the open foreseen that bike riders would cause an enormous ascent in wrongdoing inside the Hollister zone during the bike rally. This prompted a reactionary reaction from neighborhood law specialists. The occasion, in contrast to past events, finished without significant episode. Maybe now individuals are increasingly adept to see motorcyclists as a club rather than a group. Also, regular workers individuals are bound to be captured, and in this way, in gatherings and when pigeonholed into groups might be required to perpetrate more violations or be criminal; the unavoidable cycle proceeds. Morgan Glines October 3, 1996 English AP

Current State of Mind

Current State of Mind Itll happen. Yesterday, (or was it a few days ago?)  I reached into a pocket in my backpack several times before finally realizing that my hand was now covered in ink, and that my ID was ruined(or splattered-decorated with ink, if you want to look at it that way.) I was in line at LaVerdes, looking for my debit card with which to pay for my peanut-butter cup cookie that I NEEDED to basically inhale at that point in time when I dropped my ink-covered pens and people who were nice unfortunately picked them up and covered themselves in ink as well. Yay! . For the sake of all that is metaphorical, its safe to say that Ive updated you on my life. Ive wanted to post about so many thingsTerrascope, my trip to Costa Rica over spring break, amazing upperclassmen that Ive had the opportunity to talk to, greek life (including greek week), burrito obsessions and Annas taqueria, more people, more terrascope radio things 3, how Im going to China for a week over the summer, how sometimes I feel AWESOME to be here, and sometimes Im just plain confused about what to do with life, how in less than a month I will once again be reunited with Chicago (!), my 16.00 class in which were building a lighter-than-air vehicle, more terrascope radio stuff Itll happen. But for right now, all I feel like doing is sitting back for a bit and letting it soak in. Ive let only a month of my life go by without writing anything about this place and I feel overwhelmed  and all shivery-like when I think of things to write about. So to those of you who may feel nervous, anxious, super-excited about coming to MIT, its for a reason. Theres seriously an explosion of things to do here (which I will go into more detail in later posts, I promise!!). Just keep an eye out for all the opportunities. Youll make your experience what it is. Also, I just discovered this, which I like: And THIS!!! (which is AWESOME made by Danny Ben-David 15 wooh, way to go man!) Hes still working on it, fyi. https://courseroad.mit.edu/  If you have a certificate you could save your 4-year plan for classes. Its awesome. If youll be entering in the fall, you should play around with it and check out all the classes. If you dont feel like it, dont worry youll have time in the fall (your first week here) to register for classes. Also, this is cool!!! :D OMG and Rebecca Kekelishvili 15 JUST BROUGHT ME ORANGE JUICE because we have a lot of Terrascope work to do!!! THANK YOU!!! :)                                                                     Also^ a reflection on my current state of life. Less (or possibly more) random posts on the way. Peace.

Analysis Of Martin Luther King And Black Lives Matter

While in Birmingham City Jail, Martin Luther King wrote a letter in response to some fellow priests who felt that his actions were â€Å"unwise and untimely† (King). Throughout this letter his long road of struggle to racial freedom and the actions and words that are fueling the fight are outlined. In his letter, Martin Luther King claimed, â€Å"the goal of America is freedom†. Written into the Declaration of Independence is the idea that all men are created equal, but many feel robbed of their freedom. Movements such as Martin Luther King’s fight for civil rights and the recent Black Lives Matter campaign show us that America does not treat everyone freely. Martin Luther King and Black Lives Matter take different approaches towards the same†¦show more content†¦the focus of Black Lives Matter is being articulated less as a demand for specific civil or political rights, and more as a broader claim for â€Å"black humanity.† Martin Luther King al so used the language of human rights to internationalize the issue of racial inequality in the United States. BLM movement is following in king’s footsteps, taking a stance and demanding action. Both movements fight for freedom but in ways that seem to be opposite of the other, one in love, and one in hate. King uses a â€Å"peace and love† style of protest. The letter which king wrote (King) defends his strategy to a nonviolent resistance to racism. He answers the forces of hatred with nonviolent resistance in the pursuit of what he called the beloved community. (Kasson). He also insisted that nonviolent direct resistance was not a surrender but a â€Å"spiritually strenuous confrontation of injustice and oppression†. In this process, however, protesters aimed not to defeat or humiliate their opponents, but to win their friendship and understanding. As King tirelessly insisted, The end is redemption and reconciliation. The aftermath of nonviolence is the creation of the beloved community, while the aftermath of violence is tragic bitterness†. â€Å"I want you to love our enemies. Be good to them. Love them and let them know you love them. For what we are doing is right. What we are doing is just. And God is with us (Kasson). By using an approach ofShow MoreRelated The Civil Rights Movement : Martin Luther King Jr. Essay1690 Words   |  7 PagesA civil rights leader by the name of Reverend (PBS, 2016) Martin Luther King Jr. changed the world he occupied and changed the future course of the United States of America by advocating for desegregation. Martin Luther King Junior was on a mission to end the segregation of the African American community. Segregation was the post result of slavery throughout the United States of America which enslaved Africans. He challenged the status quo of the time. Protesting peacefully and advocating for socialRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King s I Have A Dream 903 Words   |  4 PagesPathos On August 28, 1963, Martin Luther King delivered his speech at the Lincoln Memorial, which included a minimum of 20,000 people that gathered after the march of Washington. In his â€Å"I Have A Dream† speech, Martin Luther king utilizes pathos to build a relationship with his black and white audience. His references to black and white children and allusions to times of slavery which appealed to both parents and older generation. The use of pathos in his speech assisted Dr. Kings influencing in his audienceRead MoreEleanor Roosevelt And Martin Luther King Jr.1057 Words   |  5 PagesWhat makes a great leader? Two great leaders from this century were Eleanor Roosevelt and Martin Luther King Jr. Despite their difference in gender and race and didn t have political experiences. Martin Luther King Jr. was an African-American, Baptist minister, who was born on January 15, 1968. He lead the civil rights movement. Eleanor Roosevelt, who was born on October 11, 1884, was an influential a First Lady. She was a great social reformer and she was a beyond educated well and came from herRead MoreEssay on The Kings Dream1588 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement in the 1950’s through 1960’s had many leaders, such as Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, Malcom X and many more. But King was the only one who stood out of the pack. His purpose was to have equality for all races, not just African Americ ans. King had addressed a speech that he had written and spoke of it at the Lincoln memorial in Washington D.C on August 28, 1963. In King’s â€Å"I Have a Dream† he motivated and touched not only African Americans but white folks as well inRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Martin Luther Kings I Have A Dream1140 Words   |  5 PagesBrito â€Å"I Have a Dream† Rhetorical Analysis African American Baptist minister and activist, Martin Luther King, Jr., in his â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech, addresses racism against Negros and demands equal rights and freedoms. King’s purpose is to motivate his audience to join him in fighting for what they deserve. He shifts from an urgent, demanding tone at the beginning of the speech to a more hopeful and patriotic tone towards the end. Throughout the speech, Dr. King appeals to the audience’s desire toRead MoreThe Right Side Of History : The Civil Rights Movement1228 Words   |  5 Pageshelped prolong the oppression of America’s black community past slavery which transformed into segregation. The strict enforcement of segregation prohibited the potentially beneficial learning experiences which occur during cross-cultural interactions. Unfortunately, the criminalization of even nonviolent actions resulted in the imprisoning and murders of segregation proponents. The following paragraphs will be an analysis of Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King Jr., William Gadsden, and Rubin Stacy andRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King874 Words   |  4 PagesDr. Martin Luther King, Jr. writes this letter as a response to the clergymen, who criticized and impeded the nonviolent campaign led by King in Birmingham. In his long letter, Marin Luther King presents a good deal of rational reasons for why the nonviolent campaign should be done in Southern America. He also demonstrates his unmovable determination to accomplish the goal of this nonviolent campaign. Obviously, King intends to awake the clergymen and other opponents by this touching letter. FromRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King1246 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom their place in history. Martin Luther brought important philosophical and moral concerns into the public arena. King belongs to a special of classes of activist philosophical whose philosophical and lives are inseparable because his chief concerns were social progress and improvement, Dr. King s powerful speaking skills combined with his courageous actions on behalf of racial justice, makes him a compelling exemplar of philosophical advocacy in action. Dr. King is widely regarded as AmericaRead MoreA Rhetorical Analysis: of I Have a Dream Essay1484 Words   |  6 PagesIn Martin Luther King’s I Have a Dream speech, King makes use of an innumerable amount of rhetorical devices that augment the overall understanding and flow of the speech. King makes the audience feel an immense amount of emotion due to the outstanding use of pathos in his speech. King also generates a vast use of rhetorical devices including al lusion, anaphora, and antithesis. The way that King conducted his speech adds to the comprehension and gives the effect that he wants to rise above the injusticesRead MoreI Have A Dream Rhetorical Analysis1346 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"I Have a Dream† Rhetorical Analysis The speech â€Å"I Have A Dream† was voiced by activist Martin Luther King Junior on the Lincoln Memorial during an era in which blacks suffered prejudice in America, a place in which whites could enjoy the land’s opportunities and freedoms but blacks could not. Martin Luther King’s speech was intended to express his present and future aspirations towards the upheaval concerning the inequality and racial injustice that the nation was experiencing however, lacking

Medicine in Ancient Egypt - 1387 Words

The world of medicine in Ancient Egypt is a cloud of mystery and very little is known other than what has been salvaged from surviving papyri. What the papyri can tell one who examines them is that the Egyptians had some knowledge of the anatomy and had constructed their own approaches to medical issues. Compared to other civilizations such as the Babylonians and the Greeks, who used more rational and logical approaches, Egyptian medicine might seem less sophisticated. In earlier clinical writings there has been less magic mentioned than in later times, which could be due to the endurance of the Old Kingdom boosting their confidence in the power of mankind and their king. So knowing that the Egyptians relied very much on magic and the supernatural to provide them knowledge of the ailments of the body, some of it was also the root of reason and plain common sense. With the passage of time, new archaeological discoveries, increased knowledge of Egyptian language and writing, and the ap pearance of more sophisticated medical techniques, new life was given to the study of disease and health in the ancient Nile Valley. It was this period that saw the academic study of Egyptian disease divided into three categories: Most of what the world knows today about medicine in Ancient Egypt comes from the papyri that have survived all these years; second is the study of the artistic representation of disease in the Nile Valley; third, and perhaps most obvious, is the study of humanShow MoreRelatedMedicine in Ancient Egypt vs Ancient Greece Essay753 Words   |  4 PagesAncient civilizations played a massive role in how physicians today practice medicine. Without the ideas of ancient Egypt and ancient Greece, modern medicine may have been different. I feel that these two civilizations are responsible for many diagnostic tools we use today. I will be comparing and contrasting the medicinal practices of ancient Egypt and ancient Greece. By reading various papyri we are able to dive into the Egyptian practice of medicine. These papyri explore various illnesses andRead MoreAncient Egyptian Medicine1152 Words   |  5 PagesMedical practices in Ancient Egypt had a great impact on the medical practices that are used today, in fact, they were predestinates of those that we have today. This paper will give an extensive background into the details of medicine and medical practices of physicians and healers in Ancient Egypt, as well as compare some of those same practices with modern practices that we use in medicine during this time period. The practices discussed in this paper include how the Ancient Egyptians chose doctorsRead MoreAncient Egypt : A Dominant Empire1407 Words   |  6 Pages1 Running Head: ANCIENT EGYPT Ancient Egypt: A Dominant Empire Zack Horton Lincoln Charter School October 11th, 2015 Mr. Thomas Honors World History Ancient Egypt’s empire was one of the most dominant of the ancient world. Egypt had several periods of great success followed by a change in Egypt’s power. Along with Ancient Egypt’s culture, they also had an amazingly strong religious system and beliefs. The Egyptian Empire was constantly making advancements and mastering different fieldsRead MoreEgyptian Contributions And Greek Culture1678 Words   |  7 PagesSTATEMENT Egyptian contributions were critical to the development of Greek culture. The Nile Valley civilization is the basis of philosophy, science, and medicine that is often times solely credited to the Greeks. PURPOSE STATEMENT After thorough research and analysis the Nile Valley Contributions to Greek civilization are evident. THE BEGINNINGS Ancient Greece is regarded as the beginnings of advanced sciences and philosophies and the fundamentals of the western world. For years, Greek culture has beenRead MoreAncient Egyptian Sports And Sports1606 Words   |  7 PagesSports in Ancient Egypt included Handball, Competitive swimming, Hockey, Weightlifting, Tug of war, Javelin, Jumping, Running, Boxing, Wrestling, Rowing, Equestrian sports, Handball and swimming. Ancient Egyptian sport also included team sports. They required team work in an effort to display skill, strength and sportsmanship. Hockey Ancient Egyptians had a version of field hockey. Hockey sticks were pieces of palm tree branches with the tell-tale bend at the end. The inner core of the ball wasRead MoreHow Ancient Egyptian Culture Affect Modern Day Society Essay854 Words   |  4 PagesCade Windstein Mr. Hartley World History 27 October 2017 How Does Ancient Egyptian Culture Affect Modern Day Society’s? Ancient Egypt was the first civilization to make use of the sciences, including math and medical uses. Clocks, sports, a twelve month calendar, farming, building are also believed to originate in Ancient Egypt. All of these influences our everyday lives. The Egyptians created a decimal system that used seven different symbols. Mathematical text can be traced back to around 2000Read MoreThe Ancient Egyptian. Iris Kim. March.9,2017. International890 Words   |  4 PagesThe Ancient Egyptian Iris Kim March.9,2017 International Grade 8 Pg.1 ! Introduced Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt. It is one of six civilizations to arise independently. Egyptian civilization followed prehistoric Egypt and coalesced around 3150 BC with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh Narmer. The history of ancient Egypt occurredRead MoreThe, Boating, And Bodies : Egyptian Culture And Its Impact Essay1595 Words   |  7 PagesBowling, Boating, and Bodies: Egyptian Culture and its Impact Imagine for a moment you are in Ancient Egypt. The air is hot and dry, the wind blows stinging sand against your face, and you can hear the rushing of the Nile. Up the road from you is the marketplace where vendors sell their wares. People shout and run and argue and work, not the least bit aware that their own culture is helping to shape that of the rest of the world for thousands of years to come. The Egyptians were responsible forRead MoreAncient Egypt And Ancient Egyptian Civilization1495 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Egypt treated its women better than any of the other major civilizations of the ancient world† (Thompson). Over 6,000 years ago, the powerful civilization of Ancient Egypt began, lasting for almost 30 centuries. Ancient Egyptians treated their cats like royalty, used spells and animal flesh to heal almost anything (Napoli Balit). Most Importantly, the people of Ancient Egypt valued their polytheistic religion above everything, they worked hard in order to get into the paradise of the afterlifeRead MoreCompare and Contrast Essay: Ancient Egypt and Greece812 Words   |  4 Pages806 Compare and Contrast Essay: Ancient Egypt and Greece There are many mysteries to life, ancient civilizations created religion to explain these mysteries. Many ancient civilizations believed in religions that worshiped more than one god or goddess, this is called polytheism. Both the Ancient Egyptians and the Ancient Greeks practiced polytheism. For both ancient civilizations religion was an important part of daily life. Ancient Egyptians and Ancient Greeks had similar creation stories

Late payment/collections Free Essays

Dear Sir/Madam, I found my credit rating to be really poor because of a few late payments and collections that happened on my accounts. Even though there were a few mistakes and over sights from my side, most of the recent late payments were due to technical difficulties faced by the concerned banks. I made payment arrangements for $3869 to clear the account with Citi Financial retail. We will write a custom essay sample on Late payment/collections or any similar topic only for you Order Now But the payment was delayed since the concerned department could not locate my account in their system. I faced problems with payments to WEB Bank and Qwest, since I was out of town. However I had an arrangement to pay $100 per month to WEB Bank and settle the remaining amount by January 2011. I was never intimated by Qwest regarding any outstanding amount whatsoever despite updating them about the change of address. I am ready to settle with Telenational Communications, although I never maintained an account with them. I had rented out my house after clearing all the bills with Colorado Springs Utilities till July 2010. The outstanding amount of $55 was supposed to be settled by the tenant. I have missed few payment deadlines due to oversight. The PAID accounts to THD/CBSD, Colorado Springs Utilities and the credit card accounts with Chase and Service credit Union have been cleared and the recent late payment was in September 2008. The accounts with Service Credit Union, ENT Federal CU, USAA, Military star, Chase Mortgage and Capital One Note Loan have been settled completely and in many cases the payment was late by a couple of days. But the numbers of such instances are few and most of them have occurred during my re-deployment. Since all the above mentioned outstanding has been cleared and considering the circumstances under which many of the incidents happened, I request you to kindly re-evaluate my credit score and update my credit report with the relevant details. How to cite Late payment/collections, Papers

Developing Structure of Temperament and Personality †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Developing Structure of Temperament and Personality. Answer: Introduction: The process of personality development in the humans depend on a vast array of factors, and each and every factor plays an instrumental role in shaping the personality traits of these humans. Now these factors are intricately linked with each other, and each of these variables have the potential to influence others in turn contorting the personality of the individual. Now there are various models and frameworks attempting to categorize the affects of these factors, the five factor model of personality traits is one such model or framework that can be helpful in explaining the personality development procedure (Judge et al., 2013). This assignment will compare and contrast the five factor model with the more recent and contemporary hexaco model, evaluating the inclusion of the sixth factor to the framework and justifying whether the inclusion of a sixth factor is beneficial or detrimental to the purpose of exploring and understanding human behavior and personality development. The five factor model of personality is also known as the big five personality traits which attempts to explore the personality traits and its development in humans. The variables chosen for the Five Factor Model of personality is based on common easy to use language so that the difference between the variables can be easily interpreted and correlated with the behavioral personality changes with humans. There are 5 interlinked variables with this factorial model; the very first is openness to different experiences (Heine, 2015). This variable can be considered as the measure for individual inclination towards appreciation of anything creative, like art, emotion, adventure, curiosity, surprise. It represents the image intellectual curiosity with an individual, which allows an individual to perceive the creativity and novelty within any unusual situation.The second variable to this model is conscientiousness, human attribute characterized by the tendency observed in individual to be bo th organized and dependable. It allows one person to engage in self discipline and order, helping him or her to generate a sense of hi beautiful nurse and, changing Lifestyle pattern from spontaneous and random to bepreplanned and orderly (Hilbig et al., 2013). The next factor in this model is extraversion, associated with positive energy, optimism, considerable assertiveness and sociability. It can be considered that this factor represents the charming and ambitious social personality in an individual. The next factor is agreeableness, which represents the personality trait that tends tobe compassionate and cooperative rather than being doubtful and antagonistic. (Hilbig et al., 2013). The last factor to this model is the neuroticism which represents the emotionality of a person, which propels the person to be able to feel extreme emotions like anger anxiety depression and vulnerability. The term neuroticism can be defined as the emotional stability that a person may have and how vulnerable is his power of impulse control. This model is one of the pioneer models of personality development in the field of psychology and has been the most preferred framework for evaluation of human behavior and personality traits until very recently (Heine, 2015). HEXACO model of personality development and Sixth factor: A very recent addition to the personality development frameworks is the HEXACO model of personality development. It is very similar to the big five factors framework and can be considered as the improvisation of the former model and the HEXACO model, along with the five known elements of personality development includes a sixth additional element. Along with the common five elements of the framework, like openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotionality and extraversion, the sixth elements is honest-humility (Halverson, Kohnstamm Martin, 2014). This model of personality development is a derivation from the original basic theories of lexical hypothesis, explains different elements of human personality in the simple language that is easily interpretable. Now comparing this framework with the pioneer big five personality development factors, three very important factors, extraversion, openness to experiences and conscientiousness in present in both the models, whereas two of the remaining factors agreeableness and neuroticism of five factor model is equivalent to the agreeableness and emotionality of the HEXACO model. The only novel element in the HEXACO model is the honest humility factor; this factor refers to the presence of attributes like honesty, loyalty, modesty, sincereness, and faithfulness in an individual. The presence of honest humility in an individual helps an individual to avoid negative personality traits like deceitfulness, greed, pretence, boastfulness and many more (Gurven et al., 2013). As mentioned above, this model is developed on the lines of previous lexical studies and incorporates language based taxonomies in categorizing personality traits. Now considering the sixth factor honest humility added, various extensive researches suggest that the lack of honest humility is associated largely with the dark triad of personality. Lack of ethics and dominance of deviance has been linked to lack of this factor in the work of many eminent authors. According to the view point of a group of authors, absence of honest humility can be the contributing factor to endorsement of hatred and revenge as well (Aghababaei Arji, 2014). From the literature, the need for this factor in the models that evaluate human personality traits and especially the abnormalities in them evident. Furthermore it has to be mentioned that the addition of the sixth factor into the mix serves many purposes; the research authors belonging to the field of psychology have discussed the honest humility factor to be essential for personality development and its categorization for a long time now. According to relevant journal articles published by accomplished psychology researchers that attributes like materialism, psychopathy and narcissism is highly associated with the lack of honest humility. Hence in order to understand the prevalence of dark traits within a human, a factor dependent model that includes honest humility will be extremely beneficial (Aghababaei, Wasserman Nannini, 2014). Conclusion: The HEXACO model of personality development was established in the early 2000s and the additional sixth element has helped the investigations belonging to a diverse range of subfields within psychology. Hence it can be said that this addition into the conventional five factor model has only made the framework more precise and efficient in understanding human psychology and the individual flaws in it. Honest humility, coupled with agreeableness is considered to be the most important duo to shape decent personality within a human, hence it can be concluded that the addition of the sixth factor has been only improvised the model further and has incrsaed the usability of it. References: Aghababaei, N., Arji, A. (2014). Well-being and the HEXACO model of personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 56, 139-142. Aghababaei, N., Wasserman, J. A., Nannini, D. (2014). The religious person revisited: Cross-cultural evidence from the HEXACO model of personality structure. Mental Health, Religion Culture, 17(1), 24-29. Gurven, M., Von Rueden, C., Massenkoff, M., Kaplan, H., Lero Vie, M. (2013). How universal is the Big Five? Testing the five-factor model of personality variation among foragerfarmers in the Bolivian Amazon. Journal of personality and social psychology, 104(2), 354. Halverson, C. F., Kohnstamm, G. A., Martin, R. P. (Eds.). (2014). The developing structure of temperament and personality from infancy to adulthood. Psychology Press. Heine, S. J. (2015). Cultural Psychology: Third International Student Edition. WW Norton Company. Hilbig, B. E., Zettler, I., Leist, F., Heydasch, T. (2013). It takes two: HonestyHumility and Agreeableness differentially predict active versus reactive cooperation. Personality and Individual Differences, 54(5), 598-603. Jonason, P. K., McCain, J. (2012). Using the HEXACO model to test the validity of the Dirty Dozen measure of the Dark Triad. Personality and Individual Differences, 53(7), 935-938. Judge, T. A., Rodell, J. B., Klinger, R. L., Simon, L. S., Crawford, E. R. (2013). Hierarchical representations of the five-factor model of personality in predicting job performance: integrating three organizing frameworks with two theoretical perspectives.

The Zen Koan Is A Written Or Verbal Puzzle Used In The Teaching Of Bud

The Zen Koan is a written or verbal puzzle used in the teaching of Buddhism to bring the student to the level of satori or enlightenment. According to D T Suzuki in An Introduction To Zen Buddhism, the word Koan "...now denotes some anecdote of an ancient master, or a dialogue between master and monks, or a statement or question put forward by a teacher, all of which are used as the means for opening one's mind to the truth of Zen."(Suzuki 102). Koans are often in the form of statements that seem, at first, to make little or no sense. This aspect of a Koan is intended to help the student concentrate on the words and pull meaning from them in the same way that they must pull meaning from themselves in order to achieve "satori". Koans sometimes seem to be constructed of two contradicting concepts, which may be true from the standpoint of the dynamics of language. This joining of two opposing concepts is meant to show the student that all concepts are actually a part of one another since they exist in the same world. Koans are intended to join the opposing concepts within the student, which is the "oneness" of Zen Buddhism. "Zen masters, by this means, would force the evolution of the Zen consciousness into the minds of their less endowed disciples."(Suzuki 102). The real "self" of Zen lies in the harmony of opposites. To those who pay more attention to the actual written words of the Koan, Koans will never make sense. Koans are deliberately meant to defy the logic that exists in the world outside the self, the world of government and social constructs. They are meant to help the student see the world undistorted by these learned concepts. The language of a Koan also uses simple concepts and objects that are universal. Keeping the subject simple, the student does not have to worry themselves over the symbolism of the subject, but rather, what the entire composition of the Koan represents. The composition as a whole, once it is thought of in this way, should reveal something about the wholeness of the individual who has figured it out. An example of this duality and simplicity is found in the following Koan: "When your mind is not dwelling on the duality of good and evil, what is your original face before you were born?"(Suzuki 104). The subjects of koans tend to be simple objects such as trees, animals or aspects of nature. Or simple words for concepts or emotions, such as love, hate, good and evil . This attention to simplicity helps the student to view the entire Koan, instead of being anchored to a complex, abstract concept. The reasoning behind every Koan is the same, that the world is one interdependent whole and that each separate one of us is that Whole. In the above Koan, there is simplicity in the choice of the words "good and evil" over any words that may represent these symbolically. In fact, the first part of the Koan may not even be the most important part, but only stated to make the student realize that they are concerned with the duality of the outside world. The conflicts of the outside world have been distracting the student from realizing the purity of their own face "before you were born." The famous Koan that goes: "What is the sound of one hand clapping?" is interesting in the sense that if one thinks of it in terms of the logic that they were taught by the outside world, there is no such sound. "Ordinarily, a sound is heard only when two hands are clapping, and in that sense no sound can come from one hand alone...." This Koan, however, is meant to "...strike at the root of our everyday experience, which is constructed on so-called scientific or logical basis"(Suzuki 105). The duality here lies in what we have been taught to be logical. The Koan threatens our knowledge of the way our world is supposed to work. " The Koans, therefore, as we have seen, are generally such as to shut up all possible avenues to rationalization"(Suzuki 108). The Zen Buddhist Koan is naturally irrational,

The Collector essays

The Collector essays Fowles has constructed the two main protagonists, in his novel The Collector, as victims, victims of society and victims of their circumstances. Discuss. In the novel The Collector, the author John Fowles has constructed the two main protagonists, Clegg and Miranda, as victims. Miranda is a victim of her circumstances while Clegg is a victim of society. Clegg is also a victim of his upbringing and is emotionally entrapped within him self. Miranda comes from a stable home, yet her life becomes out of her control when she is kidnapped and is forced to make choices such as whether or not to give up or fight for her survival. Clegg is a victim of his upbringing as he had a very unstable childhood, with almost everyone he cared for leaving him. Cleggs Uncle Dick was the only person who understood Cleggs love of butterflies and insects. ...Aunt Annie and Mabel used to despise my butterflies when I was a boy, but Uncle Dick would always stick up for me... His uncle died when he was fifteen leaving him emotionally alone, and with no role model to learn from. Cleggs stuck in the way hes been bought up. Its out of his control, meaning he cant change the way he thinks or feels. He can be an individual but only in an evil way. The evil was largely or perhaps wholly, the result of a bad education, mean environment and being orphaned- all factors, which he had no control over. Clegg is entrapped within himself both emotionally and physically. Hes trapped in a spiral of evil and also in his own inability to respond to feel or to relate emotionally. He cant look beyond what hes doing (kidnapping Miranda). Clegg is full of justifying himself in his mind. ...Of course Im not mad, I knew it was just a dream and it always would have been if it hadnt been for the money.... Hes physically entrapped himself as hes got Miranda...

Collaborative Scholarly Journal ( sport ) Essay

Collaborative Scholarly Journal ( sport ) - Essay Example From early teenage years, persons seem paying attention on the collection of a vocation sport that makes them the all rounder and the excitement and the enjoyment taken up by them. Normally, this childhood selection rotates approximately a fire fighter, veterinarian, sportsperson, channel, and the resembling. The sport science discipline and the business of sport are without difference in regards to other respective industries. The study was mainly to analyze the advantages and the benefits of sports on the students self concept. The method we adopt to understand the particular method is the systematic review; the systematic review helps to get the entire information and the opinions of the various opinions of the various authors about the topic. Usually, research has specified students who are elsewhere for exercise be likely to perform better than non-athletes in the class rooms, Student-athletes frequently have to go behind a system of manner. This code of conduct can comprise abstaining from alcohol consumption and smoking, subsequent to correct behaviors, and preserving minimum grade in arrange to uphold eligibility (Medford School Policy Handbook, 2000). The findings of Zaugg (1998) sustain the plan that athletes have less behavioral problems than non-athletes. This is typically a consequence of school policy that state if an athlete miss lessons (unexcused) they do not engage in recreation or perform with the team that day. in addition, students with detentions or postponement miss practice and games awaiting the detention is provided. Many instructors will often dismiss players who have behaved badly throughout school. â€Å"Social recognition of sport participation and competition are external sources of enjoyment for many. Student-athletes often enjoy being rewarded for their work and dedication. In many schools, athletes are recognized through announcements,

Mad Hot Ballroom by Marilyn Argrelo Movie Review

Mad Hot Ballroom by Marilyn Argrelo - Movie Review Example From the beginning of the film, establishes the basic idea that anyone can achieve anything if he/she has the zest and is ready to work towards it. It opens on Public School-115 of Washington Heights, Manhattan, when during her interview, the school Principal informs that 97% of the school's Hispanic population lives below the poverty line. However, she also asserts, that these students are not apologetic about their conditions. They are dreamers and they like to chase their passions, live their life. The ballroom dance teaching helps these students foster the very spirit. It helps them unfold their own personalities and make life more fulfilling. Yomaria Reynosa, the dance teacher of Washington Heights, PS 115 acclaims, "You don't know what's hidden inside each child until you open it up". She recalls her young days when the opportunities weren't as many. Today, students are getting a chance to unleash and enhance their talents. "With time, there are avenues opening up for them (kids) to go into something that has to do with arts". This holds true for each one of us. Future generations are always better equipped, more open and liberal than those who precede them. In our school days, kids never had technology au fait; they were never so informed about life. I remember, when in school we were first introduced to computers. There were about thirty students in a class, sharing five computers. Today, times have changed. Students have both, avenues and opportunities. As the movie progresses, it brings to light, the myriad facets of American life. The kids share their secrets, talk about various issues that concern them, discuss their perceptions about things. The dance competition event serves the perfect milieu for these young men and women to explore themselves, their dreams, their sensuality; their association with the opposite sex and to learn to coexist with harmony in a multi-cultural environment. I think it is quite relevant to any modern day society. Initially, in the movie, we see kids showing some reservation in getting together. They remain with their respective guys' and girls' groups and give out strange expressions when asked to pair up or hold hands. These kids are basically unwilling participants. With time and the consistent efforts of their dedicated teachers, the kids' inhibitions fade away, their attitudes towards their partner softens. They start accepting each other, enjoy dancing with harmony. In my teens, I had similar experiences. I would generally be a shy person and keep away from most guys.  Ã‚  

Assessment and Management of Pressure Ulcers: Nursing Interventions

Assessment and Management of Pressure Ulcers: Nursing Interventions Pressure ulcers continue to present a prevalent concern for patients in health care facilities and the incidence is even expected to rise further with the increasing age of the population. This is a problem that has high potential to be prevented. Therefore, the prevention, assessment, and management of decubitus ulcers are of great importance to healthcare professionals who are charged with the care for these individuals (Clarke et al., 2005). Pressure sores occur when there are localized areas of tissue damage or ulceration of the integument second to decreased blood supply disruption to these soft tissues. This occurs as a consequence of constant pressure, where the pressure exerted on an area is greater than the capillary pressure causing ischemia, friction, or shear force. Florence Nightingale, often considered the pioneer of nursing, recognized in 1860 that quality nursing care can prevent the occurrence of decubitus ulcers among patients (Ousey, 2005). Quality of care will be increased with the implementation of nursing interventions surrounding bed sores. Pressure ulcers present a cost to the health care providers, both financially and time. Pressure ulcers can increase nursing time up to 50%, which is relatively substantial considering many healthcare facilities face nursing staff shortages (Clarke et al.). According to the article written by Joan Wurster, the cost of pressure ulcers is substantial with stage one, two, and three stage ulcers costing between $2,000 and $30,000, and stage four pressure ulcers costing up to $70,000. The cost involved with treating such bed sores often times exceeds the cost of prevention by a large sum of money (Wurster, 2007). Preventative measures are, therefore, essential to implement and include interventions. There are several guidelines listed in National Guideline Clearinghouse regarding pressure ulcers including Assessment and Management of Stage I to IV Pressure Ulcers. This guideline establishes several recommendations such as assessing a patients risk using the Braden Scale, use of special pr essure reducing mattresses, managing adequate nutrition. If a pressure sore is to develop, evidence shows that a proper high-protein diet, the use of wet-dressings, and hyperbaric oxygen as treatments all promote the wound healing process. In taking such actions, the goal of the healthcare provider is that the patient will be free of pressure ulcers during hospitalization and appropriately assessed and managed if one does occur (Registered Nurses Association of Ontario, 2007). Research shows that using evidence-based guidelines, which incorporate scientific evidence and clinical expertise, are the premise of successful prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers (Clarke et al., 2005). Assessment of Patient Risk Using the Braden Scale Prompt and accurate risk assessment is critical in preventing the formation of pressure ulcers. The Braden Scale was created and is now used in countless hospitals to facilitate and guide the nursing care team in their evaluation. Not only can this assessment tool inform a health care professional of any propensities towards skin break down, but also may allow him or her to treat the condition prophylacticly if indicated. Rather than just risk assessment, the Braden Scale may be used for evaluation of the current effectiveness of ulcer care regime for patients with existing ulcers (Braden Maklebust, 2005). The Braden Scale was created in 1984 by Barbara J. Braden, to accurately and systematically describe the risk for development of pressure ulcers (Braden Maklebust, 2005). This scale includes six subscales: sensory perception, moisture, activity level, mobility, nutrition status, as well as the skins exposure to friction and shear forces. Using established guidelines, the nurse assesses the patient and associates his or her findings with a numerical value. These are combined and a patient is given a total score which is indicative of the clients risk of developing a pressure ulcer (Ousey, 2005). Final scores can range anywhere from 6-23. A person is considered at risk if their resulting score is less than 18, as this is the point research shows the relationship between ulcers and risk factors becomes relevant. The lower a patients score, the greater threat they experience of developing a pressure sore (Braden Maklebust, 2005). This information can be used to determine what preventat ive practices can be implemented, as well as the establishment of baselines to gauge the effectiveness of the practices. It should be standard protocol for healthcare facilities to have their staff use the Braden Scale or other objective risk assessment tools when appropriate. Currently, most accreditation agencies now require some form of risk assessment, yet often assessment are shortened, excluding vital factors and skewing the validity of the assessment (Braken Maklebust, 2005). It is up to hospitals, or other care facilities, to ensure that these measures are being implemented. It is best if a minimum standard protocol is established, and the frequency of assessments tailored based on the individuals needs. Recommendations suggest an assessment upon admittance and base the remaining intervals off of the stability of the patients condition. In an acute care setting it is suggested patients be reassessed at least every forty-eight hours, if not more frequently. ICU patients should be reassessed daily if they remain in a stable state or every shift if they are not (Braken Maklebust, 2005). In the e vent of the discovery of the indicators of pressure sores then increasingly aggressive preventative measures can be implemented to prevent the occurrence of ulcers, and minimize the discomfort or complications to the patient. Once standard protocols are integrated it is important to evaluate their effectiveness. Baseline values must be obtained. Since the goal surrounding this nursing intervention is reducing the frequency, it would be logical to obtain the rate at which pressure ulcers are occurring, taking into account the demographics of the patients being evaluated. Braden scale assessment totals and other assessment findings such as erythema, non-blanching hyperaemia, blisters, discoloration, and localized heat and edema, should be documented for each patient and checked for improvement for the individual (Braden Maklebust, 2005; Ousey, 2005). Proof of this documentation must be recorded. After a healthcare facility establishes a standard for using a risk assessment tool at a set interval, the rate should once again be evaluated and compared to the original figures to note any improvement. Studies have been conducted in a similar fashion to evaluate the success of employing the Braden Scale into com mon practice. A study found that patients in a large tertiary care ICU, after Horn and colleagues implemented use of the Braden Scale and preventive protocols, the incidence of pressure Ulcers among the most critically ill patients decreased from 33% to 9% ( as cited in Braden Maklebust, 2005, p. 71). Statistical analysis shows that including the use of the Braden Scale in your plan of care can reduce the rate of pressure ulcer formation substantially, making this guideline applicable to the patient goal. Use of High Specification Foam Mattress Pressure ulcers occur as a result of decreased capillary blood flow to dermal tissues, as oxygen and nutrients are not delivered, and wastes not removed. The use of support surfaces, such as mattresses, mattress overlays, or dynamic support surfaces, is an intervention for prophylactic treatment of pressure injury. In order maintain some perfusion, the external tissue pressure must remain above the capillary closing pressure of 33 mmHg. This is of extreme significance around bony prominences , including tissues over the sacrum, Ischia, greater trocanters, external malleoli, and heels, all of which are frequent areas susceptible to impaired localized skin integrity (Thomas, 2008). According to Ousey, this information is very pertinent, especially when doing a comparison to the force between bony prominences and a standard hospital mattress. These forces ranged between 70 and 100 mmHg, clearly above the capillary closing pressure. If a patient is unable to move, this pressure is too great for the body to handle, and tissue damage occurs (Ousey, 2005). The use of high specification foam mattresses cradles the body in its entirety and distributes the weight so pressure is distributed over a larger surface area (McInnes, Cullum, Bell-Syer, Dumville, 2008). The goal of replacing the mattress or using other supportive surfaces is to reduce the pressure between the patient and the supportive surface below 33mmHg, allowing for blood flow in those patients who are immobile or have decreased sensation (Thomas, 2008). Preventative transfers of patients of moderate to high risk for developing pressure ulcers to high pressure reducing surfaces has the ability to substantially decrease the prevalence of pressure related injuries. The Prevention and Management of Pressure Ulcers article states that when compared to a standard hospital mattress, a number of pressure-reducing devices lower the incidence of pressure ulcers by about 60% (Thomas, 2008, p. 243). Regulation surrounding this issue should be instituted as part of the creation of the plan of care when considering prediction and prevention of decubitus ulcers. Evidence-based research shows that there is no significant difference between eh use of alternating pressure dynamic air flow beds, silicone overlays, foam overlays, sheepskin overlays, or other air filled devices. Health care facilities should take into account the cost and ease of use when purchasing these (Reddu, Gill, Rochon, 2006). Once again, in order to evaluate effectiveness, baseline values of the grade and prevalence of ulcers must be obtained and compared with values obtained at a later time after changes in care have been implemented. It is important to note such things as the age, activity tolerance, gender, present illnesses, and type of supportive surface used to prevent the formation of an ulcer. A guideline followed in an experiment conducted by de Laat, preventative transfers were arranged prior to ulcer formation in the event of finding nonblanchable erythema or an expected immobility exceeding seventy-two hours. Following these procedures surrounding preventative transfers, as well as the sound clinical judgment, proved to be the of the strongest statistical significance in reducing the pressure ulcer density grade II-IV within a one year time period (de Laat et al., 2007). The use of pressure-reducing surfaces, especially if used as a early, is another intervention that will help reach the patie nt goal of preventing the occurrence of pressure ulcers. Managing Nutrition Insufficient nutrition predisposes individuals to developing a pressure ulcer, as well as delays the healing process of sores that do form. Proper nourishment and hydration are behind all body processes, both vital in function and not. It is imperative to maintain good nutrition to provide an optimal environment so that homeostasis may be maintained. However, it is a common occurrence that clients who are admitted to the hospital dont have optimal intake of food or water due to a variety of factors including eating nothing by mouth prior to surgery, unconsciousness, feeling of nausea, presence of illness, polypharmacy, and physical or mental disability (Ousey, 2005). These conditions may result in poor nutrition or malnutrition statuses. The problem lies in the fact that there is no definitive diagnosis for undernutrition. Weight loss and biochemical data of hepatic proteins are the accepted standard. Albumin, pre-albumin, and hemoglobin levels are analyzed. Even though these indicat ors help health care professionals evaluate possible nutrition issues and possibly identify those at risk for developing, they can fluctuate due to underlying disease or hydration status (Dorner, Posthauer, Thomas 2009; Thomas, 2008). Inadequate intake of calories, proteins, fluids, vitamins, and minerals, as well as a low body mass index, may result in impaired skin integrity. It is not yet universally accepted that nutrition status is directly linked to the development of pressure ulcers because studies have not been producing consistent results showing the relationship. On the other hand, there is an accepted correlation between nutritional status and wound care healing. Therefore, it is essential that clinical malnutrition is prevented. A well-balanced diet high in protein is necessary for the healing of pressure ulcers (Dorner, Posthauer, Thomas 2009). Increased calorie and nutrient consumption is required to overcome the hypermetabolic state and increased energy needs. Carbohydrates are needed for the synthesis of glucose, glutamine is needed to serve as a fuel source for epithelial cells, arginine is supports the formation of protein, fluids are needed to serve as a solvent and transportation, ascorbic acid for the production of collagen, and zinc for collagen formation, protein synthesis, and cell proliferation. Perhaps the most important nutrient needed for wound healing is protein. It is needed to maintain nitrogen balance and for the synthesis of enzymes involved in wound healing and collagen and connective tissue production. In order to ensure that all clients have met these nutritional needs, support may be desirable. These include consultation with a dietitian, consultation with a speech pathologist if indicated, use of nutritional supplements, enteral feeding, and parenteral nutrition (Dorner, Posthauer, Thomas 2009). All people are at risk for malnutrition whether young or old, so upon admission, all patients nutritional status should be assessed to determine existing or potential malnutrition, and referred for further help if indicated. Throughout the clients stay at the hospital, all patients intake should be monitored for nutritional value and fluid consumption. If indicated additional supplements should be given within recommended daily intake norms if needs are not met. The obtained information on nutritional status must then be compared with progress made in the healing of the pressure sore, including decreased size and depth, as well as decreased exudate. Reassessment of hepatic lab proteins and body weight may be recorded multiple times to evaluate any improvements. Adequate nutrition may prevent the development of pressure ulcers. More importantly a well balanced-high protein diet can be used in the management of pressure ulcers in the aspect of promoting healing if a pressure ulcer does develop (Ousey, 2005). Use of Moisture-retentive Dressing In the event that all preventative measures have failed, and a pressure ulcer does form, it is recommended that moisture-retentive dressings are used to encourage healing. Moist wound treatment has shown to be optimal in promoting reepithelialization. According to Thomas, Moist wound healing allows experimentally induced wounds to resurface up to 40% faster than air-exposed wounds (Thomas, 2008, p. 246). There are now dressings, called occlusive dressings that were developed to maintain the moist environment. There are other benefits to using this treatment as wounds are further protected from infection and pain is reduced (Thomas, 2008). The introduction of occlusive dressings as a primary treatment is beneficial. Several types of occlusive dressings may be used, such as polymer foams, hydrogels, hydrocolloids, alginates, and biomembranes. All of these have proven to be effective. Four out of five trials comparing hydrocolloid dressing with a moist gauze dressing demonstrated higher healing rates (Thomas, 2008, p 250). Effectiveness of treatment can be evaluated in the time needed for complete healing. Decrease in size and depth, reduced erythema , no exudates production, and increased collagen synthesis are all signs and symptoms indicating healing of pressure ulcers (Ousey, 2005). Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy for chronic wound care is a relatively new concept. Sometimes pressure sores take a prolonged period of time to heal. In HBO therapy, the patient intermittently breathes 100T% oxygen, while the pressure exerted on the body within the treatment chamber is raised to greater than 1 atmosphere absolute (Hunter, Langemo, Anderson, Hanson, Thomson, 2010, p 116). Often chronic wounds take a longer duration to heal due to ischemic injury, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy directly addresses that. These specialized conditions are at the root of why hyperbaric oxygen therapy proves to be beneficial. In these chambers, the amount of oxygen availability is significant and increased atmospheric pressure causes oxygen exchange between the air and the tissues (Hunter et al., 2010). This regime involves effective management and treatment of pressure ulcers in the event a pressure ulcer does not heal. Although not available at all facilities, hyperbaric oxygen therapy should be recognized as a treatment option for chronic pressure ulcers. Patients should be presented with the option if indicated. To ensure this alternative treatment is presented, it should become a standard requirement to document it. If this becomes the choice of therapy, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment by looking for signs of ulcer healing. In one study, chronic wounds were monitored for an eight week time period with hyperbaric therapy. The results showed shrinking of wound size in all participants and even a 16% healing rate (Hunter et al, 2010). Similar standards would need to be implemented with therapy to ensure its efficacy to the individual patient. Hyperberberic oxygen treatment should not be mandatory, but recognized as an option when considering the patient goal of managing pressure ulcers. Conclusion Although pressure ulcers are a problem found in many healthcare facilities, it is a problem that has a wide range of solutions. Decubitus ulcers can negatively affect a clients quality of life and there are potential medical complication, including coma and death associated with this condition. Proper assessment and management of pressure ulcers is a reflection of quality of care. Evidence-based nursing interventions such as assessing a patients risk using the Braden Scale, use of special pressure reducing mattresses, managing adequate nutrition the use of wet-dressings, and hyperbaric oxygen as treatments, have been proven to be effective and are all of great importance in improving patient care (Registered Nurses Association of Ontario , 2007). The goal of keeping patients free of ulcers during hospitalization and proper management of pressure ulcers if one does develop, must be at the root of all tasks. Evidence Based guidelines must be established and disseminated throughout the United States, and practiced in order to reduce the frequency and improve the care surrounding pressure ulcers.

Haefren Baum Business Analysis Essay

Haefren Baum is a furniture retailer, established in 1965 and was incorporated in 1970. Haefren Baum receives its merchandise from Wiegandt GmbH Cologne, a nearby manufacturer, whose business relationship equals over twenty-seven years. The company has one retail location in Cologne, Germany and three recently constructed outlet stores in nearby suburban areas. Demand and product sales are influenced by consumer discretionary income. In 1993, an economic bust in the German economy resulted in a major dip in GDP. Demand for the industry is cyclical and is influenced by the overall economy. There is no evidence of seasonality. In response to the German economic downturn in 1993, the company began to open outlets with wide selections and lower prices to maintain sales volume. This was a trend used by all in the industry, but sales volumes were not affected and remained flat. As the German economy recovered, Haefren Baum’s business began to see fierce competition from European furniture retailers. This was a concern for the Wiegandt, who saw its retailers losing market share, and began aggressively advertising its brand. The strategies involving aggressive branding and offering wider selections at lower prices proved to be unsuccessful, mainly due to the influx of competition. Operations Analysis: Haefren Baum being a retailer needs a large amount of inventory and assets in order to generate sales. To turn profits, the company needs to be efficient in both inventory management and asset turnover. Recently, the Haefren Baum is showing very high values for inventory days, and an overall decline in its TAT and FAT ratios. Figures for total and fixed asset turnover steadily decline from 1993-1995. These figures could be a result of the expansion and building of outlet stores, as well as slower sales. Total assets turnover equals 2.1 in 1993 to 1.5 in 1995. As for fixed asset turnover, 1993 equals 6.98 to 5.39 in 1995. Haefren Baum’s land investment has remained constant over this period, but buildings and equipment investments have changed, again a result from the building of the three outlet stores. Inventory days  show and increase from 103 in 1993 to 129 in 1995. Such a dramatic change shows that the firm is getting less efficient in managing its inventory, which could be a result of increasing competition throughout the industry. The average collection period has also shown significant increases, going from 53 days in 1993 to 77 days in 1994 and 1995. It seems that Haefren Baum has had difficulty obtaining capital due from customers. The overall operations of the company seem to be lacking proper efficiency due to the increase in inventory days and average collection period. The negative values for net income and results from the previous sentence conclude why the firm has seen a decrease and negative values for ROE and ROA. Financial Analysis: Haefren Baum’s strategy of selling product at lower prices seems to be ineffective in generating profits. The firm’s operating activities can be misleading, although it seems that it’s improving, the net figures are still negative. The increase in investing activities is explained by the recent construction of outlets, and is shown in the buildings and equipment account. The recent buyout from the other investors is shown in the payables from stockholders. Financing activities seem to be the source of funding for the firm. Haefren Baum’s liquidity has been mildly volatile. The current ratios for the firm have changed from 2.26 in 1993 to 2.53 in 1995. Accounts payable days saw a major increase going from 49 days in ’93, to 65 days in ’94. Although Wiegandt has been flexible with credit terms, Baum is far exceeding the net 30 terms and is not taking advantage of any discounts. Haefren Baum is showing high leverage risk with its debt to equity ratio of 5.84%, this is a problem due to the large debt compared to equity owned. The NPM of the company is zero, due to the failure to generate profits. The GPM, though positive, shows a steady decline in profitability. Haefren Baum is primarily using financing activities to maintain operations of the business. They are basically staying alive by debt, and will need to re-evaluate its processes to stay in business. Summary: Haefren Baum has been severely impacted by competition and the value of its inventory stemming from the economic downturn in 1993. The firm is producing negative cash flows and in turn producing zero profits. The construction and  building of the new outlet stores have no sales support and are eating profits with staggering mortgage cost. The firm needs to be more effective and efficient with inventory and credit lines. Arranging new credit terms in order to receive discounts and improve margins are in order for the firm to generate profits.

How to Ensure Individual Freedom and Community-Building in a Society?

Topic: How to ensure individual freedom and community-building in a society? Every people want to live freely to do whatever they want in a society with freedom and want to communicate with every social groups or governments to build up a good community. If we want to ensure individual freedom I shall briefly that what is the freedom and community is? Freedom is the power or rights to act, speak or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint. Community means that all people living in a particular area or place which call local communities.How to ensure individual freedom and community-building in a society? First of all, Individual freedom is talk about people is given rights to pursue life, liberty and happiness. To ensure individual freedom in society is security. Security is the most important point for the individual freedom because security is the degree of protection to safeguard for citizens live in country. If the country does not maintenance the security for the citize ns or in society have not well developed in security, so the citizens or in society have no freedom to act or rights to do everything and it might be harm in society.But if the society does maintenance the security for the citizens or this country in society will have no war. And also a country which provides citizens live in freedom under well developed in security in everything that they feel free to do anything they want. Hence, people have individual freedom that want to do everything freely because freedom is born out of an understanding of natural law and natural consequences and that drive each of us to be personality responsible for our own actions, to be self-reliant in our thinking and in our work.Second, to ensure individual freedom in society is self-autonomy because self-autonomy is a self-governing in society whom responds for our own actions in society. If we have self-autonomy to do something, to govern in our own decision in society, it seems that we strongly have a bility to do everything. So self-autonomy is another point that seek to individual freedom. For the community-building is creation or enhancement of community among ndividual within regional area or with common interest. To improve community-building we have to make social capital. Because social capital produce a sense of belonging which make an increasing overall health of community. Social capital is a social group that cooperated between citizens and governments that participates in society. To increase evidence shows that social capital cohesion is critical for societies to prosper economically and for development to be sustainable.Social capital is focus on social relations that have productive benefits. It is the most important participates in this society is to make social group and the governments make it to the strong system one to ensure which mean to build up the local communities or social truth governments and create more policies. Thus, to ensure community-building in society is we have social capital which have group of social or governments cooperating to build up the strong community.To sum up, we seems to ensure individual freedom and community-building in a society have many reasons or explanations to describe. For reasons or explanations to ensure individual freedom are security and self-autonomy. If every people live in society does have individual freedom which means that their society must have well developed in security and have self-autonomy. But for the ensure community-building is about social capital which means that all citizens and governments work together with a good community in society.

Single Parents Vs. Single Parenting Essay - 1053 Words

We live in a world that is constantly evolving. As mankind evolves with their way of living, so do the familial ways. We’ve traveled through different eras, from the start where men worked and woman were housewives, to today, where it is very common to see both men and women working or staying at home. Living situations are constantly changing, whether it has to do with conflict, stress, or even economic problems. A person is able to understand the evolution of family structure by viewing the pros and cons of any given situation. Single parenting would be where one parent is in charge of the household and cares for the child. Although single parents face a thousand challenges, they are also able to obtain many benefits. There can be many difficult challenges with being a single parent and not only for the parent, but for the child as well. The main problem with single parenting happens to be time management. 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